Exploring Virtual Coach Education in USA Lacrosse

In 2020, USA Lacrosse moved all coach training workshops to a virtual format in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Knowing that in-person coach training has been heavily studied regarding the motivation of the coaches who participate, the shift to virtual delivery of coach education prompted the researchers to examine how the workshops themselves supported the basic needs, motivation, and engagement of coach learners. Aligned with self-determination theory's conception of motivation and the three basic needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness, the researchers drew upon observation and survey data that were collected to determine the success of the virtual training. Using this information, the researchers found that the coach trainers used a variety of need-supportive behaviors and very few need-thwarting behaviors. Surveys revealed that the coaches displayed high levels of autonomous motivation, low levels of controlled motivation, and favorable engagement. These results are discussed in conjunction with the literature that is focused on in-person training programs as well as best practices in technology-enhanced learning to provide input into how virtual programming may be of benefit to coach learners and how coach trainers can best support coaches' needs in a virtual environment.

Being near the action: bed and breakfast and guesthouse entrepreneurs and the hosting of black South African domestic tourists in the Cape Town townships

This article examines how black female bed and breakfast (B&B) and guesthouse entrepreneurs in the black townships of Cape Town, South Africa were providing accommodations to black South African domestic tourists that allowed these tourists to ‘be near the action' in the townships. ‘Being near the action' refers to being able to conveniently attend various life-cycle events, such as weddings, funerals, and circumcision celebrations that involve friends and/or family, or engage in work, business, and other activities in the townships. This research contributes to tourism mobilities studies by explaining how these entrepreneurs impacted and were being impacted by domestic tourism and how the social spaces or ‘moorings' of the entrepreneurs' accommodations produced and reproduced social and cultural life. In addition, this study provides an understanding of tourism in Africa, and specifically domestic tourism in South Africa, related to the discretionary mobilities of a growing population of middle-class black South Africans. For this study, data was collected through semi-structured interviews conducted with black female B&Bs and guesthouse entrepreneurs in the townships of Langa, Gugulethu, and Khayelitsha. The article also includes a discussion of the possible implications of the COVID-19 pandemic's halting of travel mobilities on the economic sustainability of these entrepreneurs. © 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Access and Inclusion of Students with Disabilities in Virtual Learning Environments: Implications for Post-Pandemic Teaching

This article reviews the extant literature showing impacts of theCOVID-19 pandemic on access to inclusive education for students with disabilities. It also explores the disproportionate impacts of distance learning and school closures during the COVID-19 pandemic on the legal rights, social emotional supports, and quality of instruction for special education students and their families. Early data show that educational impacts of COVID-19 have exacerbated long-standing issues of inequity;these impacts may have long-term repercussions for this underserved group of students. The authors introduce frameworks that may inform future instructional practices to successfully teach students with disabilities in virtual learning environments.

Preferred method of two week post operative follow up after pelvic reconstructive surgery. (phone callversus clinic visit): A randomized clinical trial

Objective: There is no current standardization of when and how postoperative follow up visits are completed after pelvic reconstructive surgery. Telemedicine visits are favorable amongst patients and have been associated with increased patient satisfaction, less waiting time, and reduced travel costs. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of telemedicine visits. Prior to the pandemic, we designed a Randomized Control Trial with primary aim to investigate if patient satisfaction with telephone visit was non-inferior to clinic visits post operatively at two weeks. Secondary aims were to investigate if the telehealth postoperative visit is a safe alternative to clinic visits. Methods: This was an IRB approved randomized controlled trial investigating patient satisfaction with the use of telephone visits for two week post surgery follow up. Inclusion criteria included women undergoing pelvic reconstructive surgery. Eligiblewomen were randomized to either a two-week postoperative telephone visit or two-week postoperative clinic visit. Primary outcome was satisfaction with two week postoperative visit as defined by answering 'strongly agree' on Likert scale. Sample sizes of 71 women in each group was needed in order to achieve an 80% power to detect a non-inferiority margin difference of 12% between groups. The clinic visits were completed by physicians and the telephone visits were completed by the clinic nurses with a scripted guideline for all patients including need for triage to clinic visits. Patients completed a non-validated patient satisfaction questionnaire and patient global impression of improvement at their six-week post op visit. Statistical analysis was performed using P-value for independent samples ttest/ Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney for continuous variables or chi-square/Fisher's exact test for categorical variables to determine statistical significance. Results: A total of 67 patients were recruited between July 2018 to March 2020, 21 patients declined to participate. There were 36 patients in the clinic arm and 31 patients in the telephone arm. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, most clinic postoperative visits were converted to telehealth visits and elective surgeries were cancelled. The study was halted in March 2020 and did not reach its prior power calculation of 71 per group. There was no difference seen in patient satisfaction with postoperative visits between the two groups. The results of the non-validated questionnaire showed that patients who had telephone visits were likely to be satisfied with telephone visits and would prefer telephone visits in the future when compared to those who had clinic visits. Conversely, patients who had clinic visits were likely to be satisfied with in person visits and were more likely to prefer those in the future. (P < 0.001, Table 2) For validated questionnaires such as PGI-I there was no difference between groups. For secondary outcomes there was no difference in emergency visits, hospital readmissions, or postoperative complications between the two groups. Clinic visits lasted longer than telephone visits (15 mins vs 6 mins, Table 3). Conclusions: Two week postoperative telephone visits were well received by patients, resulted in shorter visit length, had high patient satisfaction and PGI scores, and are a safe alternative to clinic visits with no difference in adverse outcomes. Given the recent pandemic, it is important that we continue to design future studies to evaluate telemedicine in patient care for FPMRS.